Onchocerciasis
| Onchocerciasis | |
|---|---|
| Tsanangudzo uye kumwe kunowanika mashoko | |
| ICD/CIM-10 | B73 B73 |
| ICD/CIM-9 | 125.3 125.3 |
| DiseasesDB | 9218 |
Onchocerciasis, kana kuti pachirungu river blindness uye Robles disease, chirwere chinokonzerwa neutachiona hunoparirwa nehwemusi rinogara mumuviri Onchocerca volvulus.[1] Zviratidzo zvacho zvinosanganisira kuvaviwa kwakanyanya, mapundu muganda, uye kusaona.[1] Pautachiona hwose hunokonzera kusaona, uhwu hunouya pechipiri, huchitevera hwetrachoma.[2]
Hwemusi rinorarama mumuviri racho rinouya munhu paanorumwa nenhunzi nhema yerudzi rweSimulium.[1] Kakawanda munhu anofanira kurumwa kakati wandei kuti azotapurirwa utachiona uhwu.[3] Nhunzi idzi dzinogara pedyo nenzizi, ndokusaka zita rechirungu rechirwere chacho richitaura zverwizi.[2] Paanenge ava mumunhu, mahwemusi acho anogadzira makonye anozofamba kupinda muganda.[1] Kana ava muganda ndipo paanozotapukira kunhunzi nhema inenge yaruma munhu wacho.[1] Pane nzira dzakati wandei dzinoshandiswa kuona kana munhu aine utachiona uhwu dzinosanganisira: kuongororwa kweganda kunoitwa nokuriisa mumusanganiswa wesaline kwava kutarisa kuti makonye abude, kutarisa muziso kana muine makonye, uye kutarisa mumapundu ari muganda kana muine makonye anenge akura.[4]
Hapana mushonga wokudzivirira chirwere ichi.[1] Kuti munhu azvidzivirire, anotofanira kuita kuti asarumwe nenhunzi dzinotakura utachiona hwacho.[5] Izvi zvinogona kusanganisira kushandisa mishonga inodzinga zvipembenene uye kupfeka zvakakodzera.[5] Dzimwe nzira dzinosanganisira kuderedza uwandu hwenhunzi dzacho nokufirita nemishonga inouraya zvipembenene.[1] Zviri kuedzwa kuti chirwere chacho chibviswe zvachose kuburikidza nokurapa mapoka ose evanhu kaviri pagore uye izvi zviri kuitwa munzvimbo dzakawanda pasi rose.[1] Vanenge vaine utachiona hwacho vanorapwa nemushonga unonzi ivermectin pamwedzi 6 kusvika 12 yoga yoga.[1][6] Kurapa uku kunouraya makonye asi kwete mahwemusi anenge akura.[7] Mushonga unonzi doxycycline, unouraya rimwe bhakiteriya rinowanikawo bacterium muutachiona hwacho rinonzi Wolbachia, unenge unoitawo kuti mahwemusi acho apere simba uye vamwe vanokurudzira kuti uchandiswe.[7] Mapundu anoitika pasi peganda anogona kubviswawo nekuita zvekuvhiiwa.[6]
Vanhu vari pakati pemamiriyoni 17 kusvika ku25 vane utachiona hwechirwere cheriver blindness, uye vanenge mamiriyoni 0.8 havachanyatsooni zvakanaka.[3][7] Utachiona uhwu hunonyanya kutapukira munyika dzesub-Saharan Africa, kunyange zvazvo pane vamwe vakatapukirwa kuYemen nenzvimbo dzakataramuka dzeCentral neSouth America.[1] Muna 1915, chiremba anonzi Rodolfo Robles ndiye akatanga kuona kuti hwemusi iri ndiro rinoparira chirwere chemaziso.[8] World Health Organization yakanyora pasi chirwere ichi sechirwere chakashayirwa hanya chekunzvimbo dzinopisa.[9]
Kunowanika mamwe mashoko chinjirudza
- ↑ 1.00 1.01 1.02 1.03 1.04 1.05 1.06 1.07 1.08 1.09 "Onchocerciasis Fact sheet N°374". World Health Organization. March 2014. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness)". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 3.0 3.1 "Parasites – Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Epidemiology & Risk Factors". CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Diagnosis". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 5.0 5.1 "Onchocerciasis (also known as River Blindness) Prevention & Control". Parasites. CDC. May 21, 2013. Retrieved 20 March 2014.
- ↑ 6.0 6.1 Murray, Patrick (2013). Medical microbiology (7th ed.). Philadelphia: Elsevier Saunders. p. 792. ISBN 9780323086929.
- ↑ 7.0 7.1 7.2 Brunette, Gary W. (2011). CDC Health Information for International Travel 2012 : The Yellow Book. Oxford University Press. p. 258. ISBN 9780199830367.
- ↑ Lok, James B.; Walker, Edward D.; Scoles, Glen A. (2004). "9. Filariasis". In Eldridge, Bruce F.; Edman, John D.; Edman, J. Medical entomology (Revised ed.). Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic. p. 301. ISBN 9781402017940.
- ↑ Reddy M, Gill SS, Kalkar SR, Wu W, Anderson PJ, Rochon PA (October 2007). "Oral drug therapy for multiple neglected tropical diseases: a systematic review". JAMA 298 (16): 1911–24. PMID 17954542. doi:10.1001/jama.298.16.1911.