Chapfunga (kureva Bilharzia) inozivikanwawo se fivha yehozhwa, chirwere chinokonzerwa nechisvetasimba rehwemusi rakati sandara rinonzi shistosomi (schistosome). Nzira yeweti kana matumbu zvinogona kuva neutachiona. Zviratidzo zvinogona kusanganisira kurwadziwa mudumbu, manyoka, tsvina ine ropa, kana weti ine ropa. Vaya vanenge vaita utachiona hwacho hwenguva yakareba vanogona kukuvara chitaka, kukanganisika itsvo, kusabereka, kana kuita kenza yedundiro. Muvana, hunogona kukonzera kusakura zvakanaka uye kuomerwa pakudzidza.[1]

Chapfunga
Tsanangudzo uye kumwe kunowanika mashoko
Mukomana ane makore 11 ane mvura mudumbu uye BP yemutsinga kana kuti portal hypertension zvichikonzerwa neschistosomiasis (Agusan del Sur, Philippines)
Mukomana ane makore 11 ane mvura mudumbu uye BP yemutsinga kana kuti portal hypertension zvichikonzerwa neschistosomiasis (Agusan del Sur, Philippines)
Mukomana ane makore 11 ane mvura mudumbu uye BP yemutsinga kana kuti portal hypertension zvichikonzerwa neschistosomiasis (Agusan del Sur, Philippines)
ICD/CIM-10B65 B65
ICD/CIM-9120 120
DiseasesDB11875
MedlinePlus001321

Chirwere ichi chinoparadzirwa munhu akagumana nemvura isina munyu inenge iine maparasaiti. Maparasaiti aya anobudiswa nehozhwa yemumvura isina munyu inenge iine utachiona hwacho. Chirwere ichi chakanyanya kuwanda muvana vemunyika dzichiri kubudirira sezvo vaine mikana yakawanda yokutambira mumvura inenge iine utachiona. Vamwewo vari pangozi vanosanganisira varimi, varedzi, uye vanhu vanoshandisa mvura isina kuchena muupenyu hwavo hwezuva nezuva.[1] Utachiona uhwu huri muboka reutachiona hwe maheriminthi (helminth).[2] Kuti zvizivikanwe kuti ndicho chirwere chacho, panotsvagwa mazai eparasaiti racho muweti netsvina zvemunhu wacho. Chinogonawo kuzivikanwa kuti ndicho nekutsvaga madzivaureya anenge achirwisa chirwere chacho muropa.[1]

Nzira dzokudzivirira nacho chirwere ichi dzinosanganisira kunatsiridza mikana yokuti vanhu vawane mvura yakachena uye kuderedza uwandu hwehozhwa. Munzvimbo dzakawanda chirwere chacho, mushonga unonzi parazikwantheri (praziquantel) unogona kupiwa vose vari muboka racho kamwechete pagore. Izvi zvinoitirwa kuderedza nhamba yevanhu vanotapurirwa utachiona uye, zvichideredzawo kupararira kwechirwere chacho. Parazikwantheri ndiyo zvakare mushonga unokurudzirwa neWorld Health Organization (WHO) kuti ushandisirwe vanenge vaoneka kuti vane utachiona.[1]

Chapfunga yakatapukira kuvanhu vanoda kusvika mamiriyoni 210 pasi rose kubvira muna 2012.[3] Vanofungidzirwa kuva pakati pe12,000[4] ne200,000 vanouraiwa nayo gore negore.[5] Chirwere ichi chinonyanya kuwanika muAfurika, uyewo muEzhiya nemuAmerika Chamhembe.[1] Vanhu vanenge mamiriyoni 700 munyika dzinodarika 70 vanorarama munzvimbo munowanika chirwere chacho.[5][6] Munyika dzinopisa, chapfunga ndiyo yechipiri, ichitevera marariya pazvirwere zvemaparasaiti zvinonyanya kukanganisa upfumi.[7] Chapfunga iri pakati pezvirwere zvinonzi zvirwere zvakashayirwa hanya zvokunzvimbo dzinopisa.[8]

Mitauro ye Chibantu chinjirudza

Kunowanika mamwe mashoko chinjirudza

  1. 1.0 1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 "Schistosomiasis Fact sheet N°115". World Health Organization. 3 February 2014. Retrieved 15 March 2014. 
  2. "Chapter 3 Infectious Diseases Related To Travel". cdc.gov. 1 August 2013. Retrieved 30 November 2014. 
  3. Fenwick, A (Mar 2012). "The global burden of neglected tropical diseases.". Public Health 126 (3): 233–6. PMID 22325616. doi:10.1016/j.puhe.2011.11.015. 
  4. Lozano, R.; Naghavi, M.; Foreman, K.; Lim, S.; Shibuya, K.; Aboyans, V.; Abraham, J.; Adair, T. et al. (15 December 2012). "Global and regional mortality from 235 causes of death for 20 age groups in 1990 and 2010: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2010". Lancet 380 (9859): 2095–128. PMID 23245604. doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(12)61728-0. 
  5. 5.0 5.1 Thétiot-Laurent, S. A.; Boissier, J.; Robert, A.; Meunier, B. (27 June 2013). "Schistosomiasis Chemotherapy". Angewandte Chemie International Edition in English 52 (31): 7936–56. PMID 23813602. doi:10.1002/anie.201208390. 
  6. "Schistosomiasis A major public health problem". World Health Organization. Retrieved 15 March 2014. 
  7. The Carter Center. "Schistosomiasis Control Program". Retrieved 17 July 2008. 
  8. "Neglected Tropical Diseases". cdc.gov. 6 June 2011. Retrieved 28 November 2014.