Hondo ye Matabele yeKutanga

Hondo yeMatabele yeKutanga yakarwiwa pakati pa1893 na1894 muZimbabwe yanhasi. Yakanetsana neKambani ye Bhuritani Afurika Chamhembe ne Umambo hwe Mandebele (Matabele). Mambo Lobengula, weMandebele, akanga aedza kunzvenga hondo nevapambi vekambani iyi nekuti iye nevapangamazano vake vaiziva nezvesimba rekuparadza rezvombo zvakagadzirwa neVayuropu pavarwi vehondo veMatabele vachirwisa vanhu vakawanda. Lobengula anonzi aikwanisa kutora varwi vepfuti vanoshika 20,000 uye vanhu 80,000 vaishandisa uta ne museve, vaive vakabata pfuti dzeMartini-Henry, dzaive pfuti dzemazuva ano panguva iyoyo. Zvisinei, kurovedza kusina kunaka kwaireva kuti izvi zvakanga zvisingashandiswi zvinobudirira.

Hondo ye Vashangani (25 Gumiguru 1893)

Kambani yeBhuritani Afurika Chamhembe yanga iine mauto asingadariki mazana manomwe nemakumi mashanu muMapurisa eKambani yeBhuritani Afurika Chamhembe, aine numeri isina kuverengerwa yevanokwanisa kuita vazvipiri vekoloni uye mamwe mazana manomwe eVatswana (Bechuana) vabatsiri. VaCecil Rhodes, avo vaive Piramu Minista weKepi Koloni naLeander Starr Jameson, Administrator weMashonaland vakaedzawo kudzivirira hondo kudzivirira kurasikirwa kwechivimbo mune ramangwana redunhu. Zvinhu zvakazonyanya kunetsa apo VaLobengula vakatendera kuti vavhoterwe nechisimba vachitora mutero kubva kune mumwe mambo weMashona mudunhu reMasvingo, izvo zvakazokonzera kunetsana nekambani iyi.

Zvakakonzeresa Hondo

Hurumende yeBhuritani yakabvuma kuti Kambani ye Bhuritani Afurika Chamhembendiyo yaizotonga nharaunda kubva kuLimpopo kusvika kuZambezi pasi pegwaro ramambo. Mambokadzi Victoria vakasaina gwaro iri muna 1889. Cecil Rhodes akashandisa gwaro iri muna 1890 kuratidza kuti akatumira Pioneer Column, boka revagari venzvimbo yakadzivirirwa neMapurisa eKambani ye Bhuritani Afurika Chamhembe uye vachitungamirirwa nemuvhimi mukuru wemhuka Frederick Selous, kuburikidza. Matabeleland uye munzvimbo yevaShona kuti vatange Fort Salisbury (yava kunzi Harare).

Mumakore ose a1891 na1892, Lobengula akave nechokwadi chokuti mauto ake akanga atorwa kubva munzvimbo dzavaida zvikuru dzeMashonaland uye nokudaro akadzivisa kunetsana kwaigona kuitika pakati pevakuru vake vechidiki vaishingaira nevachena. Zvisinei, muna 1893, mumwe mambo womuruwa rweVictoria ainzi Gomara akaramba mutero, achitaura kuti akanga zvino ari pasi pedziviriro yemitemo yevagari vemo. Kuti achengetedze chiso chake, Lobengula akamanikidzwa kutumira bato rehondo rezviuru zvevarwi kuti vaunze hutongi hwake. Bato revapambi rakaparadza misha yakati wandei rikaponda vazhinji vevagari vemo. (Muna ikoku vakadzorwa zvikuru kupfuura nguva dzose sezvavaiwanzopamba varume navakadzi vakura zvakafanira ndokuuraya mumwe munhu ari wose.) Zvisinei, vatarisiri vomunzvimbomo veBritish South Africa Company vakanzwa kuti vaifanira kupindira kuti vadzivise kurasikirwa nechivimbo chavanhu vomunzvimbomo. avo vakagunun’una kuti havasi kupihwa tsigiro nekurwisa uku. Nekuda kweizvozvo, vakuru veCompany vakakumbira kubva kuvapambi kuti vabve ipapo. MaNdebele akaramba uye mukurwisana kwakakonzera maNdebele akauraya vanhu vanosvika makumi mana; izvi zvakaita kuti vabviswe. Mambo Lobengula vakanga vapa yambiro yakaoma kuvarwi vavo pavakatanga mhirizhonga iyi. “Mukateura donhwe rimwe chete reropa remurungu pakurwisa uku kuMashonaland, ndichaita kuti mese muurawe pamuchadzoka”.