Bernard Chidzero

Bernard Thomas Gibson Chidzero (1 Chikunguru 1927 - 8 Nyamavhuvhu 2002) aive mwana weZimbabwe nyanzvi munyaya dzehupfumi, wezvematongerwo enyika, uye munyori. Vakashanda segurukota rezvemari muZimbabwe rechipiri .

Upenyu hwepakutanga uye nedzidzo

Bernard Thomas Gibson Chidzero ndiye aive dangwe pavana vanomwe. Baba vake, vekuMalawi, James Kangolwa Imfa Idzalero, vaibva kuNtchisi, kuMalawi akafamba achienda kuRhodesia, muna 1913, akamira panzvimbo dzetii kuMaodzanyemba kweMalawi pamwe nekuita basa rakaderera panjanji yeBeira-Dondo. Mai vake Agnes Munhumumwe vaibva kuma Shona . Bernard Chidzero akakurira kwaSeke kuChitungwiza . Akadzidza pachikoro chepuraimari kwaSeke ndokuzoenda kuKutama College (chikoro chepamusoro cheRoman Catholic), kwaairidza bhendi rechikoro pamwe chete nemumwe mudzidzi Robert Mugabe . Chidzero akatendeukira kuchiKatorike ari kwaKutama. Akazoenda kuSt Francis College kuMariannhill kuSouth Africa.

. Chidzero akawana dhigiri re psychology kubva ku kathoriki Univhesiti kuLesotho,ne Masitazi kune zvematongerwo enyika kuUnivhesiti yeku Ottawa, muna 1958 akawana zvakare PhD rezve sayenzi dzematongerwo enyika kuMcGill Univhesiti iriku Montreal ndiko zvakare kwaakazoroora mukadzi wechi French-Canadian.

Akabva atora makore maviri apedza kudzidza paNuffield College, Oxford . Pakutanga Chidzero akatanga kufarira zvematongerwo enyika eAfrica uye sePan Africanist akava shamwari, mudunhu reLondon Africa, aine hofori dzakaita saJomo Kenyatta, Kwame Nkrumah, Hastings Kamuzu Banda, Seretse Khama nevamwe.

Basa

Muna 1957 Chidzero akatsikisa bhuku reShona rinonzi Nzvengamutsvairo (zita rakaturikirwa kubva kuShona kunzi "Mr Lazy-Bones" kana kuti "Broom-Dodger" ) iro raidonongodza mamiriro evashandi mumapurazi eRhodesia uye kuburitsa chiono chavo. chenzanga yakabatana, inoshivirira marudzi.

Nerubatsiro rwakabva kuFord Foundation, Chidzero akadzokera kuRhodesia muna 1960, achida kunodzidzisa paUniversity of Rhodesia neNyasaland ; Kushanda kwaaiita ikoko kwakamiswa apo yunivhesiti iyi yainge yasarurana yakaziva kuti muchato waChidzero waiva wemarudzi akasiyana.

Chidzero akapinda musangano reUnited Nations mugore ra1960. Akatanga muUnited Nations Economic Commission for Africa semukuru anoona nezvehupfumi muAddis Ababa uye kubva 1963 kusvika 1968 semubatsiri weUN Technical Assistance Board muKenya . Kubva 1968 kusvika 1980 Chidzero akashanda kuUnited Nations Conference on Trade and Development (UNCTAD): kubva 1968 kusvika 1977 aive Director of Commodities uye pakati pa1977 na1980 akashanda semutevedzeri wemunyori mukuru weUNCTAD

Mushure meUnilateral Declaration of Independence yakaitwa naIan Smith muna 1965, Chidzero akaita basa munhaurirano dzehondo yerusununguko rweZimbabwe. Vaive muchikwata chavapangamazano apo Joshua Nkomo mutungamiri weZimbabwe African People's Party akashanyira London. Kuparara kwenhaurirano idzi, izvo zvakakonzera kupatsanuka kweZAPU neZimbabwe African National Union, ZANU zvakaratidzawo kuti VaChidzero havana kutsigira zvematongerwo enyika. Zvichiwedzera, vakabatana nevaimbove vaaidzidza navo- uye mutevedzeri webhendi Mugabe .

Achiziva nezvehondo yerusununguko yakanga yava kuda kuitika muZimbabwe, muna 1970, Chidzero akatenga purazi kuMalawi ndokutamisa baba vake nehama dzake muRhodesia. Uye musi wa21 Zvita 1972 kurwisa kwekutanga nepfuti pamugari wechichena weRhodesia kwakaitika muCentenary, Zambezi River escarpment.  _ Mhinduro yaHastings Kamuzu Banda yakanga iri kuramba zvisina tsarukano. Zvakadaro, purazi rekuMalawi rakaramba richishanda, Hurumende yeMalawi yakaramba yakatarisa, sechitokisi chemuZimbabwe chinoshanda uye nzvimbo yekugadzirira vanhu vazhinji vaienda kuzvikoro zvekuMorogoro, kuTanzania.

Zvichitevera chibvumirano cheLancaster House Chidzero akadzokera muZimbabwe uye, muna 1980, akazove gurukota rezvekurongwa kwehupfumi nebudiriro. Musarudzo dzemuna 1985 vakasarudzwa kuve nhengo yeparamende yeHarare vachimirira ZANU-PF . Mushure mesarudzo akakwidziridzwa kuita gurukota rezvemari achiteverwa naTichaendepi Masaya .

Aive Sachigaro weDevelopment Committee yeWorld Bank kubva 1986 kusvika 1990. Aive nhengo yeWorld Commission on Environment and Development . Kumusha akagadzira nekushandisa shanduro yeZimbabwe yeStructural Adjustment Programme ; mukuita izvi zvakazviwanira hasha dzevamwe varwi veZanu-PF avo vaiona zvirongwa zvavo zvehupfumi zvisina kurongwa nenguva uye vachivanyima mukana wekuwana 'mibayiro yehondo yavo'.

Muna 1990, achiziva nezvenjodzi iyo hupfumi hweZimbabwe hwakanangana nekunyombwa uye kupomerwa mhosva yeSAP neavo vaive mubato raitonga, Chidzero akange apererwa akakwikwidza musarudzo yemunyori mukuru weUnited Nations . Chidzero aitsigirwa neUnited Kingdom nenyika zhinji dzeCommonwealth, asi akakundwa naBoutros Boutros-Ghali .

Hutano hwaChidzero hwakatanga kunetsa muna 1993 ndokuzosiya chigaro chegurukota rezvemari muna 1995 Bernard Chidzero akashaya muAvenues Clinic muHarare muna 2002 Vakachengetwa kuHeroes Acre muHarare.

Bibliography

• Nzvengamutsvairo, 1957
• Kudyidzana mukuita, Munondo weMweya, 1960
• Tanganyika uye international trusteeship, Oxford University Press, 1961
• Izvo zvinodikanwa zvekudyidzana nedzimwe nyika, East African Publishing yeEast African Academy, 1966
• Dzidzo uye dambudziko rekuzvimirira, International University Exchange Fund, 1977