Hwaraunda (Chingezi: infrastructure) kana hutsaunda mashoko ari kushandiswa muChivanhu kuturikira kureva zvinhu zvinotsigira kuvapo kweguta kana musha zvinosanganisira migwagwa, magetsi, njanji, suweji, madhamu zvichingodaro.

Mamwe Mazwi chinjirudza

Izwi reEnglish rokuti infrastructure rakaumbwa nezvikamu zviviri zvinoti infra (under, below) uye structure (building) - zvoreva kuti infrastracture zvinhu zvinobatsira kumisa nharaunda ingava ichidudzwa kunzi musha, guta kana nzanga, chikoro, zvichingodaro. Mazwi reShona rinoti kutsi (area or space below) rinoreva nzvimbo iri zasi. Izwi rokuti hwaro (base, below) rinoreva nzvimbo igerwe nechinhu.

Mitauro yeBantu chinjirudza

Mazwi ari pano anobatsira kuturikira chinonzi infra uye structure kuEnglish.

  • VaSwahili vanoti unda (make, construct, fit together, form) vachireva kuvaka, kuumbanidza kana kudungira.
  • VaSwahili vanoti muundo (1. building, structure, 2. pattern , model; 3. form, shape) vachireva chivakwa kana chiumbwa.
  • VaSwahili vanoti uunzi (building, carpentry, construction) vachireva kuvaka kana kuveza.
  • VaChewa vanoti unda (1. to make mound, build with clay, earth as white ants; 2. to make a platform with earth).
  • Mururimi rweKinyarwanda vanoti intara (region, area) kureva dunhu kana nzvimbo.