Hukama

Hukama (relationship) zvinotaura kuti vanhu ndeve mhuri imwe kana kuti mhuri dzavo dzinodzyidzana kuburikidza nkokunge dzakaroorerana. Kuroorerana kungavapo pazera riri kurarama nhasi kana kuti pamazera akafpuura.

Hama dzepedyo kunyanya ndidzo dzinoti: baba, amai, vana, mukoma, munin'ina hanzvadzi, ambuya, sekuru, murume wako, mukadzi wako.

Munhu wausina hukama naye anonzi mutorwa.

Vamwe vatauri veChiManyika inoti gamo kureva hukama kana hama.

Chibvi (Direct but distant relation). Muzukuru chibvi.
Mhoromoka (Stranger married into tribe especially into ruling house).
Izwi rokuti makamu (relatives) rinotaurwa kuKalanga richireva hama. Makamu izita remhuri.

Zvirevo

Muimbi Oliver Mtukudzi akaimba achiti, Zvamunoona husahwira hunokunda hukama.
Dzikidzira (take root, come to stay).
Mutorwa zvake asi akadzikidzira pano. He may be no relative, but he has come here to stay.
Kubaya tange hama vatorwa vakutye. Kill first the relatives (so that) strangers may fear you.
Panorwa hama nehama, mutorwa bvira kure. Where relatives fight, a stranger should keep aloof.
Ukama hwokwamai hahukanirwi nhaka.
Ukama hwokwamai hahuna rwiranhaka.
Hukama hunonhuwa. Relationship is scented.
Kudya masanga chikuru kuonana. Eating is incidental but the main thing is seeing one another.
Aramba ukama apa huku yangu kurarama.

Mitauro yeAfrika

Giryama inoti mbari (kindred - one's family and relations) kureva mhuri nehama. Mambwe mupalamano (n. relationship). Kimbundu inoti ndandu (n. relative).
Lunyoro inoti mwene (n. relation). Manga Kanuri vanoti kàmà kana àmà pakuwanda (n. peer; companion).
Kikongo inoti mfwanana (n. relationship). Mamwe mazwi: inoti mfwanani (n. similarity, equality, likeness). -amfwanani (the same, equal, alike).
Nyanja inoti m'phale kureva hama. Chewa inoti chilawa (agnation - relationship on father's side) kureva hama yekwababa.
Luganda inoti ruganda kana luganda (family, kindred, relations; company) kureva mhuri nehama.
Yao inoti ulongo (affinity, relationship), hukama. Mamwe mazwi: mlongo (a relation; member of the same tribe) kureva hama.
Lubwisi inoti kukwataana (be together, be near; connected, related). Mamwe mazwi: bukwataane (relationship).
Lubwisi vanoti bukama, makama (n. Kingdom).
Lubukusu inoti khuukama (n. relation on mother’s side) ihama yekwamai. Zigula inoti undugu (kinship, relations, brotherhood) kureva hukama.