Muranda

Muranda, chitesi, tyoko kana bandadzi (English: Slave) munhu anoonekwa nekubatwa senhumbi kana chimwe chinhu chinotengwa; uye munhu anomanikidzwa kushanda pasina muripo waanopiwa. Munhu ari muhuranda: anomanikidzwa kugara panzvimbo paasiri kuda; anomanikidzwa kubata mabasa asingade; anoshanda asina muripo; anomanikidzwa kuroora kana kuroorwa; anokwanisa kumanikidzwa kushanda mumawuto achiri mudiki.

Kugara nevaranda uye kutenga nokutengesa varanda itsika yaiitwa nemarudzi mazhinji pasi rose. Huranda hwaiveko munhoroondo yevagari veAfrica; Asia; Europe kana America. Vanhu vaitora varanda verudzi rwavo vane ganda rakafanana neravo kana kuti vaitenga varanda vanobva kune mamwe marudzi. Munhu aigona kuita muranda: mushure mokukundika kubhadara chikwereti; mushure mekutapwa muhondo; atengeswa neverudzi rwake; adzingwa mumusha nezvikonzero zvakasiyana.

Huranda hune nhoorondo huru inozivikanwa kunyanya ndiwo Huranda hwemarudzi eAfrika mhiri kweAtlantic - vanhu vatema vazhinji vakatapwa kubva kuAfrica vachiendeswa kuAmerica neEurope. Uhwu huranda kunodanwa muEnglish kunzi "Trans-Atlantic Slave Trade" nokuti vatapwa vaiyambutswa gungwa reAtlantic vachiendeswa kumhiri kwaro kuAmerica neEurope.

Huranda uhwu hwekuyambutswa kwevatema ndicho chikonzero kuine vanhu vatema vazhinji kunyika dzekuEurope, North America neSouth America. Huranda uhwu hwakapera mushure mekutarwa kwemitemo munyika idzoddzi inova mitemo yairambidza kutengeswa kwevaranda uye kuva nevaranda.

Pari nhasi vamwe vanoti huranda huchiriko muchivande pasirose. Kune huranda hwekushandiswa: muminda; mumawuto; muchipfambi mudzimba nedzimwe nzira dzakasiyana.

Varanda kuUnited States of America vakanga vasina nhaka, vasina matata, nhaka yavo yaiva miviri yavo chete.

Chibharo

Panguva yakauya varungu muZimbabwe vanhu vatema vakapinzwa pamushando wekumanikidzwa wainzi chibharo. Mabasa aibatwa nevanhu pachibharo aiva mabasa emaoko anorema anosanganisira kuvaka mugwagwa, kuchera migero yemvura nezvimwewo. Vanhu vaishanda chibharo vakanga vasina muripo wavaibhadharwa. Vamwe vainge vakundika kuripa mutero waitereswa nehurumende yavachena. Chibharo chinonzi indentured labor kuEnglish.

Tsika

Paitengeswa varanda zvaidaro kuti vamwe ana tenzi vaitemera chivabwa pamunhu ainge atengwa semuranda.

• And the servant is free from his master: nehloko yasunhurika kubva kuna mambo wayo. (Job 3:19 Bhaibheri reChiNdau).
• Chivabwa kana chivabvu (Distinguishing mark made on animal or person).
• Bandadzi (A slave, a servant). Kana ari mukadzi zvonzi bandakadzi.
• Mupereki (A servant, especially a house servant or waiter).
• Varongo kana mabunha (Concubines).

Tsumo

• Chiranda chinogara chanamata. A servant gets settled only after paying respect (to the local people).
• Mwana waShe muranda kumwe.

Mitauro yeChiBantu

• VaYao neVaNyungwe vanoti kapolo (slave) kureva muranda. VaLenje vanoti musha (Slave) kureva muranda.
• VaMambwe vanoti ulanda (n. poverty) kureva hurombo. Mazwi Anotodzana: kalanda (misery, distress, poverty).
• VaSwahili vanoti mjakazi (female slave) kureva murandakadzi. VaVenda vanoti phuli (n. slave) kureva muranda.
• Mang'anja vanoti bandazi (an attendant; a servant boy or woman; not a slave; a maid) kureva muranda.
• VaKongo vanoti nanga (n. Slave - exchanged for food in famine time) kureva muranda aitsvivaniswa nechokudya munguva yenzara.
• VaKabwa vanoti obhugaya (n. Slavery) kureva muranda. Vanoti omugaya kureva muranda.
• Xilenge vanoti kumbi (n. Slave) kureva muranda. Vanoti vukumbi (n. slavery) kureva huranda.